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Thursday, 11 May 2017
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the teachers who conducted the ISS lessons. We would like to thank Mr Ng for teaching us the basics of doing an experiment and the other aspects of this module. We would like to thank the lab staff for telling us better ways to conduct our experiment for example will be when they asked us to do our experiment in an enclosed area. We would like to thank the school for providing us with the chemicals that we did not have to buy as they will be really expensive.
Methods
Equipment List:
- Thermometers
- 3 beakers
- Protective eyewear
- Magnesium
- Zinc
- Iron
- Sodium Hydroxide
- Hydrochloric Acid
- Sulfuric Acid
- Stirrer
n Diagram of setup:
j Procedures:
d1. Mix Magnesium and Sodium hydroxide in one beaker, Zinc with hydrochloric acid in another, and Iron with sulfuric acid in another.
2. Thoroughly mix the chemicals together in each of the beakers.
3. Measure temperature change of the chemicals.
4. Measure final temperature when it is stable.
5. Perform calculation “temperature change divided by molecule to get kilojoule/molecule.
6. Repeat step 1-5 in order to obtain an average enthalpy.
Risk of Assessment and Management:
Thursday, 4 May 2017
Group Research Proposal
Group Project Proposal (Science)
SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, SINGAPORE
INVESTIGATIVE SKILLS IN SCIENCE
Names: Roshan(18) Joshua(14) Zhi Khang(8)
Class: S2-04_____
Group Reference: A / B / C / D / E / F / G / H / J / K / L / M
A. Indicate the type of research that you are adopting:
[ ] Test a hypothesis: Hypothesis-driven research
e.g. Investigation of the anti-bacteria effect of chrysanthemum
[ √ ] Measure a value: Experimental research (I)
e.g. Determination of the mass of Jupiter using planetary photography
[ ] Measure a function or relationship: Experimental research (II)
e.g. Investigation of the effect of temperature on the growth of crystals
[ ] Construct a model: Theoretical sciences and applied mathematics
e.g. Modeling of the cooling curve of naphthalene
[ ] Observational and exploratory research
e.g. Investigation of the soil quality in School of Science and Technology, Singapore
- Type & Category
Type of research: 2 (Write down one number from 1 to 6)
Category – 10 (Write down one number from 7 to 20)
Sub-category – f (Write down the sub-heading alphabet)
Application of project relevant to SST Community, Society or the World:
This project allows our community to know temperature changes of reactions in order to gain useful knowledge such as whether to give or supply heat to these chemicals in order to create a reaction.
C. Write down your research title: Determine the enthalpy of 3 chemical reactions.
Determining the Enthalpy of 3 chemical reaction.
D. (a) Aim / question being addressed
What is the enthalpy of these 3 reactions
(b) Independent variable
The independent variable is temperature either gaining or losing it.
(c) Dependent variable
The dependant variable is the temperature at which the reaction takes place.
(d) Controlled variables5ˆ
- Starting temperature of all chemicals
(b) Total mass of chemicals
(c) Similar heat source
(d) Location of reaction
(e) Low impurity level
(e) Hypotheses
The hypothesis is that the 3 different chemical reactions will have 3 different enthalpies.
E. Method – Description in detail of method or procedures (The following are important and key items that should be included when formulating ANY AND ALL research plans.)
(a) Equipment list:
- Thermometers
- 3 beakers
- Protective eyewear
- Magnesium
- Zinc
- Iron
- Sodium Hydroxide
- Hydrochloric Acid
- Sulfuric Acid
- Stirrer
(b) Diagrams
(c) Procedures: Detail all procedures and experimental design to be used for data collection
1. Mix Magnesium and Sodium hydroxide in one beaker, Zinc with hydrochloric acid in another, and Iron with sulfuric acid in another.
2. Thoroughly mix the chemicals together in each of the beakers.
3. Measure temperature change of the chemicals.
4. Measure final temperature when it is stable.
5. Perform calculation “temperature change divided by molecule to get kilojoule/molecule.
6. Repeat step 1-5 in order to obtain an average enthalpy.
(d) Risk, Assessment and Management: Identify any potential risks and safety precautions to be taken.
Risk
|
Assessment
|
Management
|
The chemicals used are poisonous. If accidentally consumed, will cause the student to faint or have stomach flu.
|
High
|
Students must wear gloves when carrying out the experiment. Students must not eat or drink during the experiment. Students must wash their hands before and after experimentation.
|
As the experiment involves glassware, there is a risk of breakage and cutting of the hands.
|
High
|
Wear gloves when carrying out the experiment. In case of breakage, the cut to the hands will be minimized.
|
Legend
|
Low
|
Unlikely and not severe harm
|
Medium
|
Likely but not severe OR Unlikely but severe
| |
High
|
Likely and Severe harm
|
Table 3: Risk Assessment and Management table
(e) Data Analysis: Describe the procedures you will use to analyze the data/results that answer research questions or hypotheses
1. Tabulate the data and calculate the average mass of the grown crystal.
2. Plot a graph of the average mass of the crystal against the temperature in which it is grown.
3. From the graph, we can find out what temperature is the best for making the biggest crystals. (The aim)
F. Bibliography: List at least five (5) major sources (e.g. science journal articles, books, internet sites) from your literature review. If you plan to use vertebrate animals, one of these references must be an animal care reference. Choose the APA format and use it consistently to reference the literature used in the research plan. List your entries in alphabetical order for each type of source.
(a) Websites
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